Ilham, W., Fatimah, S. and Anwar, S. 2026. Philosophical Analysis of Problem-Based Learning Model in Sociology Learning: Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Perspectives. LANGGAM: International Journal of Social Science Education, Art and Culture. 5, 1 (Jan. 2026), 1-8. DOI:https://doi.org/10.24036/langgam.v5i1.288.